Stratigec Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stratigec - Assignment Example One of the many locations that Coca Cola has invested its resources in is in Japan, a country that accounts for close to 74% of the sales made in Asia. Having to locate a precise region and country that makes its products move of the shelves at a high rate will be essential for growth of the MNE. The ability to utilise strategies for the growth of the company indicates the benefits that influence the creation of new opportunities for the sake of the company. Answering this question will be quite essential in assisting upcoming MNEs to improve on their sales and revenues, while encouraging them to make good use of the resources available. To tackle this gap in the current literature, this essay will examine the literature present to date, and then look at an example of how Coca Cola manages to expand its services across the world, more so in Japan. An examination of the empirical evidence will also take place as well as an interpretation and discussion of the findings from the examination of Coca Cola and its internationalisation strategies. Multinational companies are the main drivers of globalisation and economic growth. These enterprises use their skills, strategies and resources to make the best out of what they have. The goal is to recreate the growing need for a space in the host country to ensure they capture the markets and make good use of the strategies they have readily placed near them (Arregle, Beamish & HÃ ©bert 2009: 89). They understand that the global cities in place will only benefit if there are outsiders who come and take good advantage of the skills and resources present to improve on their presence geographically and within the industry. The market share they acquire will always depend on how much they invest to acquire exclusive rights to develop their goals within the society (Dellestrand & Kappen 2012:

Orenthal James Simpson Essay Example for Free

Orenthal James Simpson Essay The well publicized trial of O. J. Simpson for the double homicide of his ex-wife and her friend focused national attention on the decision-making process of jurors. Because the defendant in the case, which was based primarily on circumstantial evidence, was a black celebrity and the victims were white, much media commentary focused on the influence of racial factors. The defense strategy for O. J. Simpson increased concern about race; central to the defense was a theory that Simpson was framed in a conspiracy by the Los Angeles Police Department due to racial prejudice against the defendant. As the nation watched the proceedings of the trial, questions arose as to whether the jury would be influenced by racial factors when reaching a verdict. The political means for reaching that end differ. On the side are those who align themselves with conservatives and believe that the multiracial needs to focus on removing the concept of race either through the introduction of multiracial category or by advocating for color-blind agendas; on the other side are those who align themselves with liberals and believe that multiracial people should be protected group. It is perfect, as the prosecutors in this case tell us, but coupled with the testimony of a witness; both types of evidence are bolstered. In this case as well the best scientific evidence, including DNA identification, can be nullified by the specter of tainted samples or sloppy handling procedures. This is almost certainly in large part a result of the prevalence in our society of institutionalized racism, in which discrimination on the grounds of racial differences is so deeply enshrined into the systems within which we live that even those who are fair-minded and just somehow become separated from their own personal beliefs and instead get drawn into processes. The struggle over whose account of events would be believed by the jury formed the basis of the trial. Since O. J. ’s trial arose as an accusation of murder, his defense could either a denial of guilt altogether or an excuse or a justification. Low profile criminal cases experience an echo or ripple effect set off by those criminal trials that are represented extensively in the media. While it has been generally recognized that in high profile trials, publicity both before and during the trial, has direct and indirect effects on the actions of attorneys, witnesses, judges, jurors, and the viewing audiences, it is also true that high-profile criminal trials may have an even greater impact on the formal and informal operations of the everyday practices of law enforcement and adjudication, affecting the outcomes of tens of thousands of low-profile criminal cases. But the defense chose the first option. While presenting few details of O. J. ’s actions on the evening in question, the defense focused on every procedural miscue by LAPD investigators to create their counter-story that a racist police department framed the defendant. The prosecution sought to prove O. J. guilt beyond a reasonable doubt,† but spent an extraordinary amount of time countering the combined racist cops/inept lab technicians defense. Since O. J. never testified the DA did not have to directly counter any excused or justifications O.  J. might have offered for any of the acts said to be related to the crime. While prior research supports the influence of juror-defendant racial similarity on verdicts, there appear to be no empirical studies examining this variable with minority defendants of high socioeconomics status. Traditionally most of the publicity associated with trials is not viewed as pretrial publicity. Pretrial publicity commonly refers to the publicity that surrounds high profile criminal defendants and their ability to get a fair trial. It is also true, notwithstanding, that low-profile or non-publicized criminal defendants, who are involved more typically in plea-bargaining and less typically in jury trials, are indirectly affected by high-profile or media-covered criminal trials. Claims of racial discrimination have echoed in our courtrooms for decades; however, black defendants have not typically received the publicity that O. J. Simpson did. But O. J. Simpson was not a typical black defendant; not only was he a popular celebrity, he was also very wealthy. The question then became whether Simpson would be treated the same way other black defendants are treated. In June of 1994, Nicole Brown ex-wife of and Ronald Goldman a waiter who has her friend. â€Å"A veteran Los Angeles homicide policeman, one of the first officers to arrive at Nicole Brown Simpson’s townhouse at 875 South Bundy Avenue they called it the bloodiest crime scene they ever seen. † (Walton, 2006)The bodies of the two victims were found shortly before midnight lying in pools of blood on the Spanish-style walkway leading to the $700,000 townhouse. The thirty-five-year-old ex-wife’s throat was slashed through to the spinal cord, leaving a five-and-a-half-inch gash from the left side of her neck to the right ear. The issues on determination of sentence would be mostly likely to conduct; disagreements adjacent to the undetermined sentence have been many and wide-ranging. Besides the criticism of ineffectiveness, they have deal with two parts of apparent vital flaws. Sentencing judgment has been extensively burdened as subjective, impulsive and leading to unprovoked discrepancy. The apprehensively felt by the offender has been thought to be unreasonable; on the other hand the effective disagreement that such vagueness is counterproductive to rehabilitative intends also has been made. These allegations, joint with to countless, and current legislation in an amount of states as well as the national authority has stimulated in direction of larger determinacy. Current studies advocate that, under legislatively set determinate sentencing, revisions are almost unremitting, typically in an increasing trend, with little consideration to the impact of revisions or corrections or even the crime rate. This is very good corroborative evidence, the scientific analysis of fingerprints, DNA, ballistic or documents can have a real impact on a jury. This type of evidence is objective and persuasive as opposed to the subjective and often unpersuasive testimony of the informant. Officer looks for opportunities to bring this type of dispassionate and objective evidence into the courtroom in support of building the witness foundation of procedural and methodological soundness. The defense technique was applied to perfection in the O. J. Simpson case. Defense counsel Johnny Cochran masterfully attacked the investigators and their process. Regardless of what you think of Cochran or his client, the defense team brilliantly destroyed the prosecution case. So powerful was their offensive that 12 jurors were eventually convinced not only did the glove not fit but that the entire investigative process was criminally defective, and they shamelessly acquitted the defendant. It is best to eliminate such concerns preemptively and forestall any attempts by the opposition to discredit the evidence. A rigorous, complete chain of custody paper trail and careful, no-nonsense procedures in sampling, transporting, storing and analyzing the evidence will be a valuable insurance policy in favor of success at trial. But these issues did emerge in the opening and closing arguments and when interruption of evidence was discussed on the witness stand by experts or eyewitnesses. Ultimately each alleged aspect of the killing, including the events said to lead up to it, were subject to account offering and account refuting. As can be observed elsewhere in our legal system, concerned defendants and wrongdoers attack the investigators and the investigative process when the facts are not in their favor. If the accused is able to attack hard enough and long enough, somebody may eventually believe them. The responses on the subject to the same kind of analysis as offerings of excuses or justifications for O. J. for the cops, for the coroner’s office, for the defense attorneys for the prosecution, for the judge, for the jury. â€Å"Individuals defended or attacked O.  J. ’s credibility, debated whether LAPD detectives were smart enough to carry out a conspiracy to frame O. J. , whether the judge was biased, whether the defense played the race card whether Nicole was partially responsible for her demise. â€Å" (Gallup Newport, 2006) Notions of equality racism and anti-racism tend to appear in constructionist work, not as objects for scrutiny or as explicitly strategic essences, but as taken-for-granted foundations, providing common-sense moral and political coherence and direction. The spectacle of O. J. Simpson legal procedure showed how a literature practice ended up convoluting justice. In fact literate law is not meant to serve justice. Its purpose is to use the law to acquit a client. A micro-level phenomenon such as prejudice is a historical concept but it can be incorporated into a historic framework. In such a framework, prejudice and racist ideology can be explained in terms of the structure of inequality in the base of society, which gives rise to both of them. Wrapping up the trial proceedings provides another opportunity to review the case, the defense team argued for jury nullification and send message about racism. Which lead to dialogue about how cultural experiences shape the way people view life. Though in Simpson case, the outcome gives a lot of views and human behavior vary so much across situation with any gratis that is provided by the government, that is why proper assessment in such referral must undertake to provide the students and their parents the explanation of the evaluation for them to understand the process of acquiring the service. Law enforcement investigative methods are perhaps more closely scrutinized now than in decades past. The significant of case investigators, as they build the work performed during a different period and perhaps a different level of expectation and subsequently develop it to meet its standards. Evidence identification and collection practices have a directly effect in their ability to conduct and resolve any case investigations. The impact of the crime can be ruthless and atrocious. The victims of rape endure weeks of physical pain and years of psychological agony. Businesses suffer massive dollar losses and some go bankrupt due to employee theft and Shoplifting Victims of break-ins spend sleepless nights wondering if the same burglar might return again. Citizens everywhere hear stories about crimes that happen to their friends, relatives, and neighbors; television and newspapers daily thrust the pain of crime’s victims into our lives. The impacts of crime are real, but surprisingly some costs are difficult to measure and where measurable, often are not well documented. The result is a public picture of crime’s costs that is as much myth and exaggeration as fact and truth. Yet it is from the society’s point of view, no matter how accurate or inaccurate, that much of public policy and governmental effort to combat crime is based. This social impact is more or less vulnerable since their position in the society. People who have least power socially suffer most from crime. Most relevant here are the social relationship of age, class, gender and race. When analyzed in focusing on the combination of these fundamental social relationships, allows us to note the extraordinary differences between social groups as to both the impact of crime and the focus of policing. Crime scenario has no room for differing sensibilities to the impoliteness which they describe or the differing power of different communities to deal with such things and resists the downward slide. Arguments are to take into account the social impact of crime; it is on the poorest and least resourced neighborhoods that they should focus their attention. Economic impact of crime in the society is also annoying, the cost of crime are simply part of the overhead of running a modern society. A certain amount of costs is unavoidable; since the society spends just enough so that, in a social optimum, the marginal money spent for crime control equals the marginal revenue from reduced crime. Calculating the burden of crime could be an ideal state in which there is no occurrence of criminal behavior defined by existing law. Economic costs of crime arise when crime causes society to divert time, energy and resources from more productive resources. Cost of crime does not only include property losses, medical costs and pay losses due to injury. They also include costs of public and private efforts made to prevent and reduce future crime rates as well as costs of the criminal justice system. The consistent ideal characteristic of criminal law may it be politically, specificity, uniformity and penal sanction. They may be viewed as translations of these characteristics into statements of the ideal characteristics of major crimes. And in thorough study in crimes here are the characteristics of major crimes. 1. The behavior must have certain external consequences. Since a crime must have a harmful impact on the social interests; a mental or emotional state is not enough. The intention is not taken for the deed. 2. The harm must be outlawed. Any engaging immoral behavior is not crime unless the behavior has been specifically outlawed in advanced, criminal law does not have retroactive effect. . There must be conduct, must have an intentional or reckless act or omission which produces the harmful consequences. 4. Has a criminal intent, the motive for a crime may good but the intention might be to affect an outlawed harm, a criminal intent. 5. Fusion intent and the conduct do not fuse or concur. 6. Has a casual relation between the voluntary misconduct and the outlawed harm. Like what mentioned above crime has a major impact on the society especially in present highlighted form. The large-scale of crime of our days evokes fear and terror in the society; it has a terrible effect on the climate of opinion, results in the diminishing of the authority of the state, and the increase of taking justice into our own hands. The establishment of the perpetrators responsibility is slowly dwindling. It becomes more and more obvious that besides state criminal investigation, the crime prevention activity of the local and other communities is an essential factor. Prevention of crimes through environmental design, social control, encloses/ access control; criminal justice; and defensible space. These are all based on the premise that multiple housing has inevitable side effects which are sometimes undesirable and that it is possible to develop guidelines to avoid these since crimes amongst strangers are in part a simple by product of the numbers of unacquainted people who come in close physical contact. The impacts of crime are real, but surprisingly some costs are difficult to measure and where measurable. It can be harsh and brutal, public picture of crime’s costs that is as much myth and exaggeration as fact and truth. It is from the citizen’s point of view, no matter how accurate or inaccurate, that much of public policy and governmental effort to combat crime is based. Possible ascertain whether a crime has been prevented as a result of a crime prevention program. The majority of evaluations of crime efforts focus on interventions to address pre-existing crime problems and the impact of an intervention over a time period. †¢ Murder is an act of killing innocent person intentionally. †¢ Assault is an act of forceful throbbing directly or indirectly to other human beings. Kidnapping forceful abduction with an intention to ask for ransom. Basic Theory that makes it clear that the specific theoretical law which develop in the course of its unfolding and the subsequent applications of these laws to describing and explaining concrete empirical situations can be regarded as the generation by the basic theory of special theories. The behavioral model incorporates elements of organization learning, conflict resolution, shot run reaction to change in the society. Despite what appears to be only a recent concern for repaying the crime for the loss, the practice is historically quite ancient. Regulating the criminal process, reparation occurred taken by the victim against the offender. The state took control of crime justice; such revenge became in itself a criminal act. Increasing the dominance over human activities, it is also enhanced its control over criminal justice. Contribution of famous law makers makes sure that the basis of the legal system of various nations from the Roman regime to the present. The issues on determination of sentence would be mostly likely to conduct; disagreements adjacent to the undetermined sentence have been many and wide-ranging. Besides the criticism of ineffectiveness, they have deal with two parts of apparent vital flaws. Sentencing judgment has been extensively burdened as subjective, impulsive and leading to unprovoked discrepancy. Sentencing judgment has been extensively burdened as subjective, impulsive and leading to unprovoked discrepancy. The apprehensively felt by the offender has been thought to be unreasonable; on the other hand the effective disagreement that such vagueness is counterproductive to rehabilitative intends also has been made. The apprehensively felt by the offender has been thought to be unreasonable; on the other hand the effective disagreement that such vagueness is counterproductive to rehabilitative intends also has been made. These allegations, joint with to countless, and current legislation in an amount of states as well as the national authority has stimulated in direction of larger determinacy. Current studies advocate that, under legislatively set determinate sentencing, revisions are almost unremitting, typically in an increasing trend, with little consideration to the impact of revisions or corrections or even the crime rate.

Rio De Janeiro Host The Summer 2016 Olympic Games Tourism Essay

Rio De Janeiro Host The Summer 2016 Olympic Games Tourism Essay Rio de Janeiro is the second largest city in Brazil, the third largest urban area in South America and the main tourist destination in the Southern Hemisphere, being the first South American city to ever host the event is a great responsibility. The population of the city of Rio de Janeiro, which has an area of 1,182.3  square kilometers, is about 6,100,000. The population of the greater metropolitan area is estimated at 11 to 13.5  million. It was Brazils capital until 1960. In 2009, Rio was elected to host the summer 2016 Olympic Games, winning the election against Chicago, Madrid and Tokyo. The sports competitions will take place on Barra da Tijuca situated on the west side of the city, Copacabana on the south zone, and Maracanà £ and Deodoro on the north side. It may be considered a great accomplishment for the city, however some may disagree that Rio de Janeiro is not fit and does not have financial and secure conditions to be the main focus of the world in 2016. This essay might be of great interest to the people living in Rio and sports fan all around the world planning on watching the Olympic Games, as it describes mainly the citys geography to host the games. Also this topic might be of interest to people that question if Rio can successfully host such a big event without any casualties and will the city in general benefit from being the center of attention worldwide. The topic is also important for the city which has started planning and making budgets, looking forward for being a successful host, a great amount of money must be invested in long term repair in stadiums and general sports facilities as well as security. Brazilian people are also known for having a great passion for sports and there was a big celebration when Rio was announced to host the games as people want to show the world that Rio is capable of holding such an important event. Controversies regarding Rio being the host for the Olympic Games arise as the city is constantly rega rded as un-safe due to the high rates of criminalities and drug dealing taking place in the favelas or shanty towns. It is also worth writing about how Rio can benefit from all this development and planning as well as tourism generated from the Olympic Games as other controversies state that the money spent in investment for hosting should be instead invested in education and the economy of the city for further development. The topic will be more focused on how will the city invest on long term plans and solutions to problems, how will the event be evenly distributed through Rio and how will it be good for Rio in the future. Rio de Janeiro may be considered then most challenging city to judge and make a prediction if it has the capacity of hosting the biggest sports event in the world. Barcelona, Sydney, Vancouver, and London are considered to be more developed as they are located in More Economically Developed Countries and have more developed infrastructure as well as taking effic ient anti-terrorism methods. Although the city is considered a great tourism tropical destination, studies reveal that the city lacks infra-structure, educational means and is affected by great poverty with a large number of the population living in slums. Due to these facts, a part of the population demanded the money to be invested in those means helping the city develop, instead of building sports facilities. It is also estimated that by 2016, the whole nation is capable of eradicating extreme poverty, however for this to happen Brazil must maintain its developing process shown in the last five years. Counter claims may argue that the Olympic Games will bring an excessive amount of profit due to tourism and sponsoring as well as jobs being generated (the city also show significant amounts of unemployment). The government however states that all security and geographical issues were presented to the Olympic committee and was approved almost unanimously, being confident in the long term plans as seven years of preparation seem enough. Another research, states that Rio will manage to achieve a target made by the UN that states must decrease levels in poverty by 50%. There is a lot of statistical data that implies that Rio de Janeiro will manage to achieve sustainable levels of economy, and poverty by the end of 2016, however measures must be taken and the process of development shown in past years must be maintained. 50% of the events will take place on Barra da Tijuca, which is a developed area, with less poverty and almost no slums as well as a wide space and facilities built from the Pan-American games. The transport system is also well developed with a network of trains, buses and subways linked to other sides of Rio where other events are going to take place. Promises were made to the Olympic committee that the Guanabara Bay and Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon will be cleaned sp water sports can be held. A bullet train linking Rio de Janeiro and Sà £o Paulo was also presented to the commit tee which will play a big role in the transport system if introduced before the Olympic games. Recent researches and statistics show that there are more than one thousand favelas spread through out the city with the majority of them being located on the north side (Zona Norte). Also a statistical map indicates that 20 to 30% of the population living in Brazil, live in a slum. This can be significant data while analyzing the city for hosting the games as each slum is dominated by drug dealers and criminality and safety around them can become an issue for the development of Rio until 2016. For the development to be maintained, the city must invest in a crucial factor which is safety. Safety is considered weak in almost every event held although casualties regarding them are rare. For the games to be hosted in the north zone of the city for example, which is considered to be one of the highest rates of criminality in the world due to drug dealing and poverty, long term measures must be taken. An example of long term plan by the government which already started to be implemented i n 2009 is the UPP (Unidade de Policia Pacificadora) is a unit of the military and civil police designated to eradicate and exterminate drugs and arms. The UPP have been very successful just recently where a total of eight slums have already been pacified and are controlled by the government. The police which also have a history of corruption within the state, trading with dealers have been mobilized to end illegal dealings in the slums, with the intention of offering more safety by 2016. This method seems like the most appropriate measure in increasing the security issues of the city, and if it continues to develop and spread throughout the city a significant increase in safety will be applied to the event. The UPP would greatly help the city in the developing process for hosting the Olympic Games as studies made reveal that if every slum in the city is occupied by the government, an increase in 20% of the PIB (sum of financial production) which would represent 38 billions reais for the development of the city as well as an decrease of about 80% of criminality. This is the most efficient method of violence contingency shown and is the key for offering security during the Olympics, however it is a very hard task and taking into consideration past government activities, it will take probably more than seven years for it to be implemented with success. In almost one year that the UPPs were implemented a huge profit and efficiency was achieved with a significant decrease in violence in the surroundings, so in seven years of preparation for the Olympic Games, the governor of Rio Sergio Cabral guarantees that the project will continue. However the government must not forget a big threat to security of Olympic Games, which is international terrorism. Therefore a certain amount of training is necessary and constant monitoring. Looking at the recent past, Rio de Janeiro has hosted an important event similar to the Olympic Games which was the Rio 2007 Pan-American games, and no problems were faced. The money was well invested and the games were a success by generating jobs ad tourist attractions. However the Olympic Games are a much bigger event with a wider variety of activities therefore more space and planning must be taken into consideration. On the contrary of some people may think, the developing process to host the games can bring even more benefit and help the city show a significant growth internationally, as even more jobs can be generated as well as tourism. However, Rio currently really needs investment in security and education, so how can it benefit by hosting the games? Firstly, the Olympic Games further increase the worlds awareness of the city. In Beijing, China, for example the number of headquarters for multi-national companies and large-scale domestic enterprises has multiplied ever since Beijing started its Olympic preparations. The preparations for the Olympic Games can also help update the functions of the city such as environment, transportation and infrastructure. Taking Beijing as an example, the Olympic introductory work will also ease the citys economic growth. Beijings GDP rose to 102.6 billion dollars in 2006, twice as much as in 2001, as its GDP per capita exceeded 6300 dollars, also twice as much as in 2001. With this significant increase in the economy of the city, the number of tourists in Rio which is already very big may increase by more than 1.5 million. Another good past example, in the Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver, the benefits have been projected to be $10 billion. Another fact which can cause a great impact against Rio for hosting the game is the fact that the city is one of the 12 chosen to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and is considered to be not in the right path by the FIFA. Brazilian venues are falling behind schedules and little work has been carried out in the last 25 months after the announcement, constructions and general repairs are late. Inspections have been held and it is proven that Rio along with other cities has not met the deadlines of repairing stadium which are the main attraction of the World Cup. Upgrades in the main stadium are yet to start and are still lingering, which sounded an alert to the FIFA that Brazil is already late. Rio has managed to successfully host a World Cup in 1950 although conditions and requirements were less strict, and maybe with all these upgrades, constructions, jobs and increase in security for 2014, some of it may in fact be useful for the Olympics two years later. The city will gain infra-structure and general increase in security and sports facilities with the world cup in 2014. Generally, not only in the case of Rio, revenue is generated for national companies, the image of the city worldwide is improved and the flow of tourism is improved. But accelerated growth necessary in hosting the Olympic Games disrupts the long term town preparation of the city and cause long term negative effect. On the other side there are the costs for developing facilities necessary to host different sports, as well as the financing for the Olympic village were the athletes must stay, with a significant amount of money being invested in transportation and security. However if the money is invested in schools, hospitals or other public, employment could still be created, sometimes even more and are considered permanent institutions. After the Olympic Games, sports facilities will have obviously less value will be less used and not so significant in helping the city and economy to develop. The employment and part of the benefit brought by the Olympic Games may be considered rather temporary as well as few significant long term growths linked with the games. Although there is a temporary boost in the output of the economy, in the long term there is barely some change. Therefore these temporary and necessary changes to host the Olympic games, can be of great use long term for example security. As the city invest on security and decreasing levels of criminality for the games, it helps to exterminate an old problem of the city which is the criminality. There are counter claims for this argument as all these improvements for changes including the UPPs are temporary and monitoring may decrease shortly after the Olympic Games. In the end, the money spent by tourists during the games might not be sufficient to cover all costs even if they bring benefit to the city. Especially Rio needs to invest in public institutions and education, more than Vancouver and Sydney for example. Although there are major problems and uncertainties a list of benefits can be made such as: with world class facilities built future events may be held, new construction project generating jobs, spectators, sponsors and broadcasting make the city the center of attention worldwide, powerful marketing tool, increase reputation resulting in a long term benefit for economy, international recognition and etc. The country itself still needs to study how to do permanent public policies as no strategic planning happened in the Pan-American games. In the case of Rio, which still faces cases of prejudice and stereotype against low class civilians, jobs being generated can really fix an old problem in which people living in shanty towns face unsuitable living conditions, no access to sewage disposal and clean drinkable water with high levels of crimes, unemployment and low incomes. Just recently, a very serious case of flooding took place in Rio. A natural disaster is a rare however alarming event in which developed cities are supposed to be prepared for. Rio de Janeiro is expected to cope with any sort of situation; however in April 2010 the city faced the biggest flood in the history of Rio with an astonishing 288mm of precipitation in less than twenty four hours. A total of 95 people were confirmed dead mainly as a result of land slide and, of course, became news headline worldwide. It became clear that Rio did not support an appropriate infra-structure and was not prepared for such a disaster. The poverty surrounding the city was also highlighted as land slides in shanty towns killed and injured dozen of people, as well as interrupting several activities during two whole days. The government however states that it is impossible to maintain a controlled situation with such a huge amount of precipitation which was never seen before and especially when Rio is still going through a big process of development. International repercussion is common as it is clearly a matter of safety, and the spectators and athletes waiting so long and traveling so far for such an important event wants safety. Methods of future flood prevention are being studied, such as the creation of flood plains, winding streams and levees. Each method can contain drawbacks and a huge amount of effort however a good way to prevent future accidents. Rios Demographic transition model can be seen above with the central business district in the middle and a large area of Favelas in the surroundings. It is clearly not balanced and the games will be held around the CBD with a few exceptions through B. Below an urban morphology and characteristics map of Rio de Janeiro can be seen as the higher class districts and CBD is concentrated near the coastline with the suburbs in the rural area. As a conclusion, Rio de Janeiro has the conditions to host the summer Olympic Games with success, however it may not bring the expected amount of benefit. Seven years of planning and introducing extreme measures to overcome major problems in the city will not be a problem. Significant increase and development regarding security, and economical growth in Rio de Janeiro has been shown in recent studies. Just recently Rio has hosted a big sports event which was the Pan-American games with great success and no casualties bringing even some benefit. The population in general has been very excited with the decision of the city for the host as it is already a tourist destination and improvement for the games will help the city in the future. However Brazilians in general shows great passion towards sports mainly soccer and shows great enthusiasm and cooperation when the result for Rio being the host was announced, and as a result can forget about some major issues the city need to take care of as a part of its development before making such a big investment for an event such as the Olympic games. In order for a conclusion to be made the goals for the city must be analyzed first. So, is it good for the city to organize the Olympic games? For example Vancouver and London which are already considered developed and share a good outside image, having few ambitions and determination for growth may not achieve such a great improvement in their image and economy, and sports facilities and changes might be made redundant. However cities in development like Rio and Beijing may have the ambition of showing their development and improving their image and showing the world they are competitors to host other future events. Even internationally, it is questioned if Rio can host the Olympic Games, due to security reasons as one week after the announcement, fourteen people were killed and a chopper was shot down on a operation in a favela. However there is the argument that Brazil is not affected by terrorism, like London for example. For a successful prediction to be made if Rio can host the Olympic Games, the past major event hosted must be analyzed, which is the Pan-American games in 2007. The same argument that was used in the Pan-American games were used to convince the Olympic committee, that it was Brazils turn to show what is it capable of, one of the 10th largest economy in the world and a population that have and indefinite passion for sports. The aftermath of the Pan-American games did not quite show any transformation into a more modern, international and safer city. Promises were also made in 2007 that criminality would decrease, a new road system (via light) and 55km of subway lines would be introduced as well as cleaning up the Lagoon located in the centre of the city and finally the Guanabara Bay, whose smell assails visitors driving into town from the international airport. Although hundreds of millions of dollars have been spent, the unpleasant smell persists and the bay remains a foul-smelling spot on the landscape. Chico Alencar, a respected Congressman from Rio and also a researcher for the enormous overspending at the Pan-American games revealed that the games ended up costing much more than the original estimate (about 180 million US dollars) and none of it was used to built the promised infrastructure projects. After the Pan-American games, the city came back to its original mess although a four week celebration was given to the people and athletes, and the same problems faced back in 2007 might be the same in 2016 but the sports event is even bigger. Therefore there is a tendency that Rio will spend even more money on this bigger event, maybe halting the development of other areas in need. Brazil in general needs to learn from its past mistakes and areas of society must unite for no overspending. Finally, other questions rises when analyzing if Rio can host the Summer Olympic Games and can it benefit from it such a s: Can Rio learn from past mistakes (Pan-American games)? Can the city keep its promises for development? Will the infrastructure provided be sufficient for hosting such a big international event? Will current issues such as security be a problem and can the city overcome it? These questions are still left unanswered, but Rio has been given a chance to prove critics wrong after an almost unanimous decision against more developed cities. Read more: http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1926094,00.html#ixzz0k9Ts0zcY http://geographylost.blogspot.com/2007/03/rio-de-janeiro-wish-i-had-found-this.html DTM maps http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Olympics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_janeiro#Geography http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favela http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Urban_population_living_in_slums.svg fatos e figures de favela http://www.sober.org.br/palestra/12/11O481.pdf à ndice de Pobreza pode ser erradicado do Brasil em 2016 http://www.ipea.gov.br/sites/000/2/comunicado_presidencia/100112Comunicado38.pdf prediction brazil 2016 vai acabar pobreza http://mercadoetico.terra.com.br/website/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/grafico1.gif meta onu http://mercadoetico.terra.com.br/website/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/grafico2.gif VEJA RIO magazine Operaà §Ãƒ £o Favela Livre http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/official/preparation/n214180326.shtml pequim http://minimaxblog.com/2010/03/costs-and-benefits-of-hosting-the-olympic-games/ costs benefits http://goodpoint.elc.polyu.edu.hk/print_list.php?mapid=2244 list of benefits http://www.rio2016.org.br/pt/Rio2016/ http://oglobo.globo.com/rio/mat/2010/04/06/rio-vive-pior-enchente-da-historia-916261532.asp flood http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/teams/brazil/7686639/World-Cup-2014-Fifa-sound-alarm-as-Brazilian-venues-fall-behind-schedule.html world cup

Use of Disguises in Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey Essays

Use of Disguises in Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The characters' use of disguises in Homer's Odyssey is a crucial element that helps to catalyze the victory of good over evil.   Each disguise is unique, created for a specific purpose.   Before she talks to Telemachos, Athena disguises herself as a wise old man in order to ensure that her words carry weight and are taken seriously.   She knows that she must assist and encourage Telemachos into searching for his long lost father without revealing her divine nature, so she assumes the guise of Mentor because men were generally given more credibility in those days.   In a similar vein, Odysseus disguises himself as a homeless man in order to exude anonymity so that he can safely return to Ithaka where he slaughters the inconsiderate suitors.   The characters' use of disguises is a key element that Homer utilizes to further the story as well as spice up the plot.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Fame and fortune is the ultimate goal of any man"(Heubeck 21).   One lives to strive for the best and conquer the world, metaphorically speaking for reaching his highest potential.   "Although not everyone can achieve such high status, if a man can conquer a feat thus similar, his name can be passed on and he will be immortal" (Van der Valk 63).   In Homer's Odyssey, the ultimate goal of fame and fortune entices Odysseus to disregard his morals by using cunning and trickery for lying and killing others, to ensure his homecoming to Ithaka. First of all, Odysseus is deemed a hero in the eyes of the Achaians.   His intelligent mind renders him a heroic figure among ... ... are one among those mortals who live in this country, ...blessed...with happiness at the thought of you, seeing/ such a slip of beauty...but blessed at the heart, even beyond these others, is that one/ who, after loading you down with gifts, leads you as his bride/ home" (Homer 106, L. 153-160).   He has just ensured Nausikaa's approval and will receive aid from her, just by telling her what she wants to hear. Works Cited and Consulted: Heubeck, Alfred, J.B. Hainsworth, et al. A commentary on Homer's Odyssey. 3 Vols. Oxford 1988 Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Murnaghan, Sheila, Disguise and Recognition in the Odyssey, Princeton UP 1987 Van der Valk, Marchinus. Textual Criticism of the Odyssey. Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1949. Use of Disguises in Homer's Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey Essays Use of Disguises in Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The characters' use of disguises in Homer's Odyssey is a crucial element that helps to catalyze the victory of good over evil.   Each disguise is unique, created for a specific purpose.   Before she talks to Telemachos, Athena disguises herself as a wise old man in order to ensure that her words carry weight and are taken seriously.   She knows that she must assist and encourage Telemachos into searching for his long lost father without revealing her divine nature, so she assumes the guise of Mentor because men were generally given more credibility in those days.   In a similar vein, Odysseus disguises himself as a homeless man in order to exude anonymity so that he can safely return to Ithaka where he slaughters the inconsiderate suitors.   The characters' use of disguises is a key element that Homer utilizes to further the story as well as spice up the plot.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Fame and fortune is the ultimate goal of any man"(Heubeck 21).   One lives to strive for the best and conquer the world, metaphorically speaking for reaching his highest potential.   "Although not everyone can achieve such high status, if a man can conquer a feat thus similar, his name can be passed on and he will be immortal" (Van der Valk 63).   In Homer's Odyssey, the ultimate goal of fame and fortune entices Odysseus to disregard his morals by using cunning and trickery for lying and killing others, to ensure his homecoming to Ithaka. First of all, Odysseus is deemed a hero in the eyes of the Achaians.   His intelligent mind renders him a heroic figure among ... ... are one among those mortals who live in this country, ...blessed...with happiness at the thought of you, seeing/ such a slip of beauty...but blessed at the heart, even beyond these others, is that one/ who, after loading you down with gifts, leads you as his bride/ home" (Homer 106, L. 153-160).   He has just ensured Nausikaa's approval and will receive aid from her, just by telling her what she wants to hear. Works Cited and Consulted: Heubeck, Alfred, J.B. Hainsworth, et al. A commentary on Homer's Odyssey. 3 Vols. Oxford 1988 Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Murnaghan, Sheila, Disguise and Recognition in the Odyssey, Princeton UP 1987 Van der Valk, Marchinus. Textual Criticism of the Odyssey. Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff, 1949.

Realistic Characteristics of Life in the Iron Mills Essay

Davis narrates the story with as much irony as she situates her story close to a nineteenth century factory where her characters were once employed, more importantly, where her male character, Hugh Wolfe who used to live in her home, a lowly Welsh immigrant who finds comfort working for an Iron Mill along with him Deborah—a pathetic, grotesque woman deprived of everything that the word beautiful stands for. Their tale is set in the city of Wheeling, Virginia where it is portrayed in a gloomy state, perhaps the idea of uneducated men and women that paced back and forth set up a negative feeling, the text â€Å"You may pick the Welsh emigrants, Cornish miners, out of the throng passing the windows, any day. They are a trifle more filthy; their muscles are not so brawny, they stoop more. When they are drunk, they neither yell, nor shout, nor stagger, but skulk along like beaten hounds. (Davis, Rebecca Harding. Copyright 1861. â€Å"Life in the Iron Mills†) describes the immigrants as poorly as they are deprived of any sort of luxury for the reason that in this time period the type of class you are in defines how other people should look at you, how they treat you, or even how you should live you life, your limitations. Only three people seem to symbolize the head, the heart, and the pocket of the middle-class: Kirby, Mitchell, and Doctor May. Kirby—being one of the mill owners is the source of abusiveness to the poor workers, Mitchell—being the constant joker, a sarcastic bastard who toyed with Wolfe’s feelings, and Doctor May whom Wolfe trusts despite her lack of will to heal Wolfe’s misery. Denied of free will, focal characters Deborah and Hugh could never really make a choice especially when it came for Hugh to decide if he should return the stolen money or continue to live in guilt. Back then, hardly does anyone reflect about the wellbeing of other people, alas, when the authorities finally jailed Hugh for his sin it was too late for him to repent for his immorality. Power is symbolized through money and how it separates the upper class from the lower class. It gives the wealthy a place of authority and destroys the unfortunate. Before Hugh committed suicide, he and Deborah spoke one last of their unidealized accent, â€Å"It is best, Deb. I cannot bear to be hurted any more. †Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬Å"Hur knows,† she said, humbly. Tell my father good-by; and–and kiss little Janey. † (Davis, Rebecca Harding. Copyright 1861. â€Å"Life in the Iron Mills†) which, despite its unconventional tongue, seems to say more than how it is read as, simply by saying farewell to Wolfe’s family. Sentimental Characteristics of Life in the Iron Mills In this context, in the midst of all the autocracy and injustice the workers only hope for survival is food. Yet the ‘hunger’ that is often mentioned in the story is not drawn to food alone but to the worker’s hunger for better lives. His words passed far over the furnace tender’s grasp, toned to suit another class of culture; they sounded in his ears a very pleasant song in an unknown tongue† (85). Davis suggests, in this text, that faith and hope are essential for these people to find happiness. Hugh Wolfe yearns to have a better life so he goes to church and pray for divine providence, yet when he hears the sermon it seemed to him that God only cared for the privileged. Yet, however contemptuous their lives may be and even though Wolfe decided to end his life in the end, certain occurrences have proved worthy of optimism. After Wolfe was buried, it seems that there is still hope for Deborah, as the text goes, â€Å"As the evening wore on, she leaned against the iron bars, looking at the hills that rose far off, through the thick sodden clouds, like a bright, unattainable calm. As she looked, a shadow of their solemn repose fell on her face: its fierce discontent faded into a pitiful, humble quiet. Slow, solemn tears gathered in her eyes: the poor weak eyes turned so hopelessly to the place where Hugh was to rest, the grave heights looking higher and brighter and more solemn than ever before. The Quaker watched her keenly. She came to her at last, and touched her arm. —â€Å"When thee comes back,† she said, in a low, sorrowful tone, like one who speaks from a strong heart deeply moved with remorse or pity, â€Å"thee shall begin thy life again,–there on the hills. I came too late; but not for thee,–by God’s help, it may be. † (Davis, Rebecca Harding. Copyright 1861. â€Å"Life in the Iron Mills†) this gives their ending a clearer view of Deborah may have wanted to live her life next after the treacherous event. With hope and the will to step forward and rise.

Pepsi’s Strategy in Entering India

PepsiCo had been trying to enter the Indian market for quite some time with no success. In 1988 Pepsi received a letter from George Fernandes, the General Secretary of one of the country's leading political parties, Janata Dal. He wrote, â€Å"I learned that you are coming here. I am the one that threw Coca-Cola out, and we are soon going to come back into the government. If you come into the country, you have to remember that the same fate awaits you as Coca-Cola. † This scared PepsiCo a bit knowing that their rival was forced to leave the country in 1977 after the Janata Dal came to power.PepsiCo had to think of a way to get in without facing the same consequences Coca-Cola had to face. In May 1985, PepsiCo joined with one of India's leading business houses, the R P Goenka (RPG) group, to begin operations in the India. The company, along with the RPG group company Agro Product Export Ltd. , planned to import the cola concentrate and sell soft drinks under the Pepsi label. Pe psiCo's decision linked its entry with the development and welfare of the state was aimed at winning the government over. The fact that Punjab boasted a healthy agricultural sector played a role in PepsiCo's decision.Coke and PepsiPepsiCo claimed that it would play a central role in bringing about an agricultural revolution in the state and would create many employment opportunities. It promised to create 50,000 jobs in the nation. Pepsi began by setting up a fruit and vegetable processing plants at Zahura village in Punjab's Hoshiarpur district. The plant then was focused on processing tomatoes to make tomato paste. Pepsi had a tough time convincing farmers to work for the company. Its experts from the US had to interact extensively with the farmers to explain how they could benefit from working with the company.